How are they Harvested?

Tagua nuts or seeds are contained in a pod, and a set of pods is called a "cabeza" in spanish. When the pod is first taken from the tree, the seeds within that pod are very soft with a gelatinous consistency and are edible while in this stage of its development. When the fruit ages, the pulp thickens and curdles, forming the super hard nuts.
Each tree contains several "cabezas" and it may take several years for the cabeza to fully mature. When completely mature the oval segments of the fruit become very hard and the fruit falls from the tree. Indigenous people of the rainforest then harvest the fruit, which produces an average of 20 lb of vegetal ivory, the same amount found in the tusk of a female elephant.
Ecuador is one of the few countries in the world that supplies the tagua nut. About 1,800 members of the Comuna Rio Santiago-Cayapas now have jobs that depend upon keeping nearby rainforest lands standing. They sustainably harvest tagua nuts from the forest floor when the cabeza containing the nuts or vegetal ivory ripens and falls.